Ibintu bigira ingaruka kumbaraga zifatika

Ibintu bigira ingaruka kumbaraga zifatika

1. Ubuso

Iyo ibifatika bikwirakwije neza hejuru yibintu, gukomera hejuru bifasha kunoza imikorere yo gukwirakwiza kwifata kandi byongera ubwinshi bwahantu hahujwe hagati yifatizo nibikoresho, ibi bizamura imbaraga zo guhuza. Ibinyuranye, niba ibifatika binaniwe gukwirakwiza ibikoresho neza, gukomera hejuru bizagabanya imbaraga zo guhuza.

2. Kuvura hejuru

Gutegura isura mbere yo guhuza ni urufunguzo rwo guhuza neza. Igamije kugera ku ngingo zikomeye kandi ziramba. Bitewe nuko hariho imbibi zidafite imipaka zakozwe na oxyde nka rust, plaque ya chrome, ibice bya fosifati, ibikoresho byo kurekura, nibindi kubikoresho bihuza, kuvura hejuru yabayoboke bizagira ingaruka kumubano. Kurugero, hejuru ya polyethylene irashobora kuvurwa hamwe na okiside ya chromic aside ishushe kugirango irusheho gukomera.

3. Kwinjira

Nyuma yo guhuza, ingingo ikunze kwibasirwa nibidukikije, molekile ntoya nkamazi cyangwa umusemburo irashobora kwinjira mubice bya kole. Kurugero, mubihe bitose cyangwa mumazi, molekile zamazi zinjira muri kole; mumashanyarazi kama, molekile ya solvent ikora kimwe. Izi molekile zabanje gutera urwego rwa kole guhindura imiterere, hanyuma rugera kumurongo hagati ya kole nubuso. Ibi bizaca intege ubumwe, amaherezo bitera gutsindwa. Kwinjira ntabwo bitangirira gusa kumpera ya kole. Niba ibikoresho bihujwe ari byinshi, molekile nto nazo zishobora kwinjira mu cyuho cyazo, imyenge, cyangwa ibice, hanyuma ukagera kuri interineti ukagabanya imbaraga zo guhuza. Uku kwinjira ntikugabanya gusa imbaraga zumubiri zifatanije gusa ariko birashobora no gutera impinduka mumiti kuri interineti, nk'ingese, ituma umurunga utagira umumaro rwose.

4. Kwimuka

Ibikoresho bifatanye birimo plasitike, nka PVC. Kubera ko izo molekile nto zitavanze neza na molekile ya polymer, zigenda ziva muburyo bwibintu cyangwa guhuza ibice. Niba molekile ntoya yimutse igumye hamwe kuri interineti, bazahagarika gufatira ku kintu, bigatuma umurunga unanirwa.

5. Umuvuduko

Mugihe wiziritse, kanda igitutu hejuru. Ibi bifasha kole kuzuza ibyobo bito kubikoresho byoroshye, ndetse nibyobo byimbitse hamwe nuduce duto, kandi bikagabanya ububi bubi. Ku ntege nke zifatika, gukanda bizatuma bahinduka cyane kandi ntibisige kole ihagije. Tegereza rero kugeza kole ibe imbaraga nyinshi muguhuza mbere yo gukanda. Ibi kandi bisunika umwuka hejuru yibikoresho kandi bigabanya imyuka ihumeka ahantu hafatanye. Kubirango binini cyangwa bikomeye, gukanda birakenewe mugihe uhambiriye. Muri ibi bihe, akenshi ugomba kubishyushya neza kugirango ube mwiza cyangwa uhinduke amazi. Kurugero, gukora insulente ikanda ikorwa munsi yubushyuhe nigitutu. Kugirango ubone umurunga ukomeye, koresha igitutu gitandukanye kuri kole zitandukanye. Kandi mubisanzwe, koresha umuvuduko mwinshi kubintu bikomeye cyangwa binini, hamwe numuvuduko muke kubuto bworoshye.

6. Ubunini bwurwego rwa kole

Ibirindiro binini cyane byoroshye kubona umwuka mubi, inenge no kuruhuka hakiri kare, bityo rero ugomba gukora kole yoroheje nkibishoboka kugirango ubone ubumwe bukomeye. Na none, iyo ibice binini bya kole bishyushye, kwaguka kwabyo bitera ubushyuhe bwinshi mubice bihuriweho, bigatuma gucika hamwe byoroshye. Guhangayikishwa n'ingingo nyazo biragoye, harimo guhagarika umutima, guhangayika no guhangayika. Ubwa mbere, guhagarika umutima: iyo uhagaritse - imbaraga zo gukurura hagati zikoreshwa, guhangayika byubaka kumpera yubumwe. Usibye imbaraga zo gukata, hariho no gukurura imbaraga kumurongo hamwe no gutanyagura hejuru. Iyo ingingo ihuye nikibazo cyogosha, uko ibintu bifatanye cyane, niko gukomera. Icya kabiri, guhagarika umutima: ibi bibaho mugihe ibikoresho bifatanye byoroshye. Imbaraga zombi zo gukurura no gukata zikora ku ngingo, kandi imbaraga zose zibanda kuri kole - hejuru yibintu, bityo ingingo ikavunika byoroshye. Kuberako guhangayikishwa nigishishwa byangiza cyane, ugomba kwirinda ibishushanyo mbonera bikora mugihe cyo gushushanya. Icya gatatu, guhangayikishwa kenshi: kole iri mu gihimba igenda ishira buhoro buhoro kubera guhangayika inshuro nyinshi kandi ikavunika kurwego rwo hasi cyane kuruta guhangayika bisanzwe. Ibifunga bikomeye kandi birambuye, kimwe na rubberi, bikemura ibibazo byongeye.

7. Guhangayika imbere
   Ubwa mbere, kugabanuka guhangayika: Iyo kole ikize, igabanuka mubunini bitewe no guhumeka, gukonjesha hamwe nubushakashatsi bwimiti, bitera guhangayika. Iyo imbaraga zo kugabanuka zikomeye kuruta imbaraga zifatika, imbaraga zigaragara zububiko zizagabanuka cyane. Nanone, gukwirakwiza impungenge zingana kuruhande rwuruzitiro cyangwa icyuho muri kole bitera guhangayikishwa cyane, byongera amahirwe yo guturika. Ibirahuri bya Crystalline bigabanuka cyane iyo bikize kubera korohereza ibintu, nabyo bitera guhangayika imbere mu ngingo. Niba wongeyeho umubare munini wibikoresho bya reberi bishobora gutobora cyangwa guhindura ingano ya kristu, urashobora kugabanya imihangayiko yimbere. Ongeraho gukomera kuri thermosetting resin glues nurugero rwiza. Kurugero, kuri fenolike - kole ya acetal, mugihe ibirimo acetal biri munsi ya 40%, ihuriro rifite gusa kunanirwa kwimbere; iyo iri hejuru ya 40%, ifite gutsindira hamwe, kandi imbaraga zubumwe ziyongera cyane. Icya kabiri, guhangayikishwa nubushyuhe: Iyo ibishishwa byashushe bikonje kandi bigakiza ubushyuhe bwinshi, bigabanuka mubunini. Inkunga irayifata neza, itera guhangayika imbere imbere. Niba iminyururu ya molekile ishobora kunyerera hejuru, imihangayiko y'imbere izashira. Ibintu nyamukuru bigira ingaruka kumyuka yubushyuhe ni coefficente yo kwagura ubushyuhe, ubushyuhe bwicyumba, itandukaniro ryubushyuhe no gutandukanya gukomera. Kugabanya imihangayiko yubushyuhe iterwa na coefficient zitandukanye zo kwagura ubushyuhe, ugomba gukora koeffisiyoneri yo kwagura ubushyuhe bwa kole hafi yibi bikoresho bifatanye. Ongeramo ibyuzuzo ninzira nziza-urashobora kongeramo ifu yibintu bimwe, cyangwa fibre nifu yizindi bikoresho.